RIYADH, Dec 8 — Chinese President Xi Jinping is expected to meet Saudi Arabia’s king and powerful crown prince today in a visit that has demonstrated muscular outreach to the Arab world and earned a rebuke from Washington.

About US$30 billion (RM132 billion) in agreements will be signed today, Saudi state media said, as China seeks to shore up its Covid-hit economy and as the Saudis, long-term US allies, push to diversify their economic and political alliances.

Arab leaders also began to converge on the Saudi capital today ahead of a summit with Xi, the leader of the world’s second biggest economy, who will hold separate talks with the six-member Gulf Cooperation Council before leaving tomorrow.

China, the top consumer of Saudi oil, has been strengthening its trade and political ties with a region that has long relied on the United States for military protection but which has voiced concerns over a downgraded American presence.

Hours after Xi’s arrival yesterday, with formation jets flying overhead, Saudi state media announced 34 investment agreements in sectors including green hydrogen, information technology, transport and construction.

The official Saudi Press Agency (SPA) did not provide details, but said two-way trade totalled 304 billion Saudi riyals in 2021 and 103 billion Saudi riyals in the third quarter of 2022.

State broadcaster Al Ekhbariya said another 20 agreements worth 110 billion riyals were due to be signed today.

Saudi and Chinese officials have provided little information about Xi’s schedule, but Riyadh-based diplomats said today was expected to be devoted to meetings including with King Salman, the 86-year-old monarch, and his son, Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, the 37-year-old de facto ruler.

‘Raising pace’ of cooperation

Prince Mohammed sees China as a critical partner in his sweeping Vision 2030 reform agenda, seeking the involvement of Chinese firms in ambitious mega-projects meant to diversify the economy away from fossil fuels.

Key Saudi projects include the futuristic US$500 billion megacity NEOM, a so-called cognitive city that will depend heavily on facial recognition and surveillance technology.

Saudi investment minister Khalid al-Falih said this week’s visit “will contribute to raising the pace of economic and investment cooperation between the two countries”, offering Chinese companies and investors “rewarding returns”, according to SPA.

Xi may also hold bilateral talks today with other Arab leaders who have arrived in Saudi Arabia ahead of tomorrow’s summits, Riyadh-based diplomats said.

Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi and Tunisian President Kais Saied were flying today. Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammed Shia al-Sudani, Moroccan Prime Minister Aziz Akhannouch and Lebanese caretaker Prime Minister Najib Mikati have also confirmed their attendance.

China’s foreign ministry this week described Xi’s trip as the “largest-scale diplomatic activity between China and the Arab world” since the People’s Republic of China was founded.

It has not escaped the attention of the White House, which warned of “the influence that China is trying to grow around the world”, calling its objectives “not conducive to preserving the international rules based order”.

Washington has long been a close partner of Riyadh, but the relationship is currently roiled by disagreements on energy policy, US security guarantees and human rights.

Xi is making just his third trip overseas since the Covid pandemic prompted China to shut its borders and embark on a series of lockdowns, putting the brakes on its giant economy. — AFP