WASHINGTON, Oct 29 ― After the worst downturn on record, the US economy is expected to post jaw-dropping growth of between 30 and 35 per cent in the third quarter, but the headline number will obscure potential signs of trouble.

With days before the November 3 election, President Donald Trump will almost certainly seize on the data to be released today by the Commerce Department as proof the recovery he promised from the Covid-19 pandemic is underway.

But economists warn that the rebound in the July-September period, after the 31.4 per cent drop in the second quarter, was driven by consumer spending supported by a massive US$3 trillion (RM12.4 trillion) in government aid, much of which has since expired.

And even that bounce is not nearly strong enough to repair the damage and get the world's largest economy back to where it was pre-pandemic, or where it would have been if the expansion had continued at the same pace.

The gain is "not enough to get out of (the) hole,” Diane Swonk of Grant Thornton told AFP, and the prospects for the fourth quarter are "deteriorating by the day, without life boats.”

Much 'ballyhooed' number

With millions of workers still jobless and coronavirus cases spiking, raising fears of renewed lockdowns in the United States as there have been in Europe, Washington policymakers have failed to agree on a new rescue package to help households and businesses weather the crisis.

David Wilcox, former director of the Federal Reserve's domestic economics division, said it would take a 53 per cent gain just to get GDP back to where it was at the end of 2019, and a 64 per cent surge to return to the trend growth rate.

Worse still, the momentum has weakened, he told reporters.

The gain will be double the next fastest on record from 1947, and "will be ballyhooed as a tremendous accomplishment,” said Wilcox, now a  senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics.

It represents the rebounding economy of May and June, but, "The pace of recovery has slowed dramatically in the last few months,” he said, noting "there may have been little or no growth in activity in September.”

And the big number says little about the quality of the recovery, who it is reaching, or how lasting it will prove to be.

Job gains slowing

The Commerce Department GDP figures are given at an annual rate ― a measure of the full-year result if the gain was translated over 12 months.

Economist Joel Naroff said he is predicting growth of less than 30 per cent, though would not be surprised by a 35 per cent jump, but he said the result "doesn't matter, except for a few political ads.”

Total US job losses in the early weeks of the pandemic hit 20 million, and only about half have returned, while major corporations have announced tens of thousands of layoffs in recent weeks ― including another 7,000 from Boeing yesterday.

Meanwhile, the weekly tally of new applications for jobless benefits are only slowly coming down, and are forecast to hold above 763,000 in a separate report today covering the week ended October 24.

There have been increasingly urgent calls from the Federal Reserve and others for a new round of federal support aimed at individuals and state and local governments to prevent another wave of job losses and business closures.

But Trump resolutely opposes aid to Democratic-led states.

Wilcox said government aid "did a tonne of good in putting a bunch of foam down on the runway,” even while it didn't reach everybody.

"My fear there is that, millions, possibly tens of millions of households, I think, are coming to the end of their financial lifeline,” he said. Without action "more of those households are going to be going over the financial cliff.” ― AFP